Manufacture of steel



FRANK N. SPELLER, OF PITTSBURGH, PENNSYLVANIA.

MANUFACTURE OF STEEL.

No Drawing. Continuation of This invention is a continuation of the invention described and churned in my co pending application Serial No. 53,083, filed AugustQEi, 1925, and relates to the munufam ture oil steel, and more particularly to a novel method of-niunufacturmg steel Wherevby the time of holding dead metal in the its own weight of superheated steel.

ladle may be prolonged.

The object of the'present invention is to add suifieient additional heat to warm the bottom of the ladle to make up for radistion losses, whereby the heat of steel may be safely heldin the teeming ladle for several minutes longerthan usual, according to the quantity of heat imparted to the ladle prior to pouring the metal.

in carrying out my improved method in the manufacture of Bessemer steel, the steel will be blown according to the ordinary and well known method. Then before the steel is poured from the converter into the ladle, the-ludle will be charged with 3, quantity of superheated steel. or with a mixture of ferromanganese diluted with two or more times A.

quantity of this steel or mixture of manganese'and steel suflicient to supply enough heatto warm the bottom of the ladle and make up for radiation losses is first put into the teeming ladle, so that the *heat of steel can be held stifely in the ladle for from seven to eight minutes or even longer, the time varying with the original temperature of the ladle and other conditions.

.Wheu desired, spiegel, ferro-sili'con, aluminum or other deoxidizers may be mixed with the superheated steel instead of the form-manganese. \Vhen manganese or other metals are mixed with the superheated steel, they serve to deoxidize the metal, and when manganese is used it also combines with Bessemer Steel to form the desired manganese content.

In order to make up and maintain a. sup ply of the superheated-steel or mixture or ferro-manganese, or other deoxidizers',"and superheated Bessemer steel, a furnace, preferably an electric furnace, will be employed, it being arranged so that a portion of each Bessemer heat can be added to the superheated metal in the furnace before or after teeming. The added amountsof ferro-man'-' the necessity of melting coldsteel, and proapplication Serial No. 53,089, filed August 25, L925. .This aphllcation filed August 16. 1926. Serial No. 129,663.

riding a constant supply of the superheated metal.

When using the method in the manufacture of opemheurth stceL-iu order to permit the open-hearth steel to be held in the pouring hulles for :1 greater time without the formation of skulls, substantially the same steps as described abovewill be followed, except that the superheated mixture preferably will be made up from av quantity of the open-hearth steel, or a mixture of a deoxidizing metal and open-hearth steel. The openhenrth steel would be manufactured in the usunl manner and then tapped into ladies containing e quantity of the superheated steel or Steel mixture. l

This novel method is particularly adapted to the manufacture of Bessemer steel since it is well known that the finishing oi? Bessemer steel must all be done inthe ladle. Nothing gained by holding the steel in the converter after blowing. Therefore, Bes

seiner steel generally carries considerably more entrained oxids and other non-metallic. inclusions than open-hearth steel, which is the main reason for the larger percenta e of laminstions found in this material. y

practicing the novel method of this invention the steel may be held in the ladle; longer,

the quantity of non-metallic inclusions may be materially reduced undthe uality'of the steel correspondingly improved.

Various changes in my improved: method may be made withoutdeperting from the invention as defined in"theeppendedclaims I claim 1. In the manufacture of steel, the step consisting of preheating the ladle by charging squuntity or" superheated steel intothe ladle, rior to pouring the heat of steel into the la le.

2. In the manufacture of steel, the step consisting of preheating the ladle b charging a mixtureof a deoxidizing met diluted with more than two parts by Wei ht ofsteel 'su ,erheated above the melting point into the la is, prior to pouring the heat of steel'into the ledle- 3. In the munufacture of steel, thefstep consisting of preheating the ladle by cherging: a quantity. of superheated steel into the ladle prior to pouringthe heat of steel into.

the ladle, whereby radiation losses are odset and the steel may be held in the ladle for a considerable length of timeto' permit com.-

plete reactiens emdsepara-tion of'the nonmetallic inclusions. I

4;. lathe manufiacture of Bessemer steel the step censisting of preheating the ladle by ehargi ig theremto e thud HHXUH'G- of ferr0- manganese diluted with more than. two parts by Weight of steel superheated above the melting point, prior to pmn'ing the heat of blown steel into the ladle.

5.111 the manufacture of Bessemer steel, the steps consisting in making a bath c01nposed of one part fel-ro-n'mngzinese and more than two parts by weight of Bessemer steel in a uitable furnace, supesheeting this hath to a point materially shove the melting point of the steel, gmiintaiuing the bath'hy edclitwns of steel il -mm eseh Bessemer heat, and utlhzmg this hath fqr preheating the Lem'me ledles and deoxidizing the Bessemer heats by charging a quantity of the'hath into the ledles PI'lOl' to pouring the heats of Bessemer steel. 7 I I 6.111 the hmnut'ucture of steel, the step consisting of peeheating the ladle by charging a fluid mixture of term-manganese diluted with a quantity of superheated steel,

FRANK N. SPELLER. 

